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1 : root 1 \entry{UNIX}{5}{UNIX}
2 :     \entry{UNIX history}{5}{UNIX history}
3 :     \entry{DOS}{5}{DOS}
4 :     \entry{shell}{6}{shell}
5 :     \entry{perl}{6}{perl}
6 :     \entry{C}{6}{C}
7 :     \entry{Windows on PC}{6}{Windows on PC}
8 :     \entry{MacIntosh}{6}{MacIntosh}
9 :     \entry{PC windows}{6}{PC windows}
10 :     \entry{AT&T}{7}{AT&T}
11 :     \entry{BSD}{7}{BSD}
12 :     \entry{System V}{7}{System V}
13 :     \entry{System 5}{7}{System 5}
14 :     \entry{Making directories}{8}{Making directories}
15 :     \entry{mkdir}{8}{mkdir}
16 :     \entry{apropos}{8}{apropos}
17 :     \entry{Finding commands}{8}{Finding commands}
18 :     \entry{Help function for commands}{8}{Help function for commands}
19 :     \entry{Never do in unix}{8}{Never do in unix}
20 :     \entry{undelete}{9}{undelete}
21 :     \entry{delete}{9}{delete}
22 :     \entry{core}{9}{core}
23 :     \entry{test programs}{9}{test programs}
24 :     \entry{test, don't call your program this}{9}{test, don't call your program this}
25 :     \entry{Commands as files}{9}{Commands as files}
26 :     \entry{Built in commands}{9}{Built in commands}
27 :     \entry{shell}{9}{shell}
28 :     \entry{Commands path}{9}{Commands path}
29 :     \entry{PATH}{9}{\code {PATH}}
30 :     \entry{path}{9}{\code {path}}
31 :     \entry{kernel}{9}{kernel}
32 :     \entry{shell}{9}{shell}
33 :     \entry{Bourne shell}{10}{Bourne shell}
34 :     \entry{sh}{10}{\file {sh}}
35 :     \entry{C shell}{10}{C shell}
36 :     \entry{csh}{10}{\file {csh}}
37 :     \entry{tcsh}{10}{tcsh}
38 :     \entry{bash}{10}{bash}
39 :     \entry{ksh}{10}{ksh}
40 :     \entry{Role of C in unix}{10}{Role of C in unix}
41 :     \entry{C, role in unix}{10}{C, role in unix}
42 :     \entry{Wrapper functions}{10}{Wrapper functions}
43 :     \entry{C library calls and shell commands}{10}{C library calls and shell commands}
44 :     \entry{Shell commands and C library calls}{10}{Shell commands and C library calls}
45 :     \entry{Debugger for C}{10}{Debugger for C}
46 :     \entry{make}{10}{make}
47 :     \entry{lex}{10}{lex}
48 :     \entry{yacc}{10}{yacc}
49 :     \entry{rpcgen}{10}{rpcgen}
50 :     \entry{I/O streams}{10}{I/O streams}
51 :     \entry{Standard input}{10}{Standard input}
52 :     \entry{Standard output}{10}{Standard output}
53 :     \entry{Standard error}{10}{Standard error}
54 :     \entry{. directory}{11}{. directory}
55 :     \entry{.. directory}{11}{.. directory}
56 :     \entry{Error messages}{11}{Error messages}
57 :     \entry{root user}{11}{root user}
58 :     \entry{superuser}{11}{superuser}
59 :     \entry{nobody}{11}{nobody}
60 :     \entry{File hierarchy}{11}{File hierarchy}
61 :     \entry{Hierarchy, file}{11}{Hierarchy, file}
62 :     \entry{Kernel}{12}{Kernel}
63 :     \entry{. directory}{12}{. directory}
64 :     \entry{.. directory}{12}{.. directory}
65 :     \entry{Hard links}{12}{Hard links}
66 :     \entry{Soft links}{13}{Soft links}
67 :     \entry{Symbolic links}{13}{Symbolic links}
68 :     \entry{ln -s}{13}{\code {ln -s}}
69 :     \entry{Hard links}{13}{Hard links}
70 :     \entry{inodes}{13}{inodes}
71 :     \entry{Index nodes}{13}{Index nodes}
72 :     \entry{telnet}{15}{telnet}
73 :     \entry{Logging on}{15}{Logging on}
74 :     \entry{Environment, unix user}{19}{Environment, unix user}
75 :     \entry{User environment}{19}{User environment}
76 :     \entry{Login environment}{19}{Login environment}
77 :     \entry{X-windows}{19}{X-windows}
78 :     \entry{Command interpreter}{19}{Command interpreter}
79 :     \entry{init}{19}{\emph {init}}
80 :     \entry{Environment variables}{19}{Environment variables}
81 :     \entry{Wildcards}{19}{Wildcards}
82 :     \entry{path}{21}{path}
83 :     \entry{Command path}{21}{Command path}
84 :     \entry{which command}{21}{which command}
85 :     \entry{Environment variables}{21}{Environment variables}
86 :     \entry{Global variables}{22}{Global variables}
87 :     \entry{Variables, global}{22}{Variables, global}
88 :     \entry{Local variables}{22}{Local variables}
89 :     \entry{Variables, local}{22}{Variables, local}
90 :     \entry{env command}{22}{\code {env} command}
91 :     \entry{Wildcards}{22}{Wildcards}
92 :     \entry{Joker notation}{22}{Joker notation}
93 :     \entry{Matching filenames}{22}{Matching filenames}
94 :     \entry{Matching filenames}{22}{Matching filenames}
95 :     \entry{Matching strings}{23}{Matching strings}
96 :     \entry{Regular expressions}{23}{Regular expressions}
97 :     \entry{Expressions, regular}{23}{Expressions, regular}
98 :     \entry{egrep command}{23}{\code {egrep} command}
99 :     \entry{. in regular expressions}{24}{. in regular expressions}
100 :     \entry{{\tt\hat} in regular expressions}{24}{^ in regular expressions}
101 :     \entry{$ in regular expressions}{24}{$ in regular expressions}
102 :     \entry{[] in regular expressions}{24}{[] in regular expressions}
103 :     \entry{* in regular expressions}{24}{* in regular expressions}
104 :     \entry{{\tt\char 43} in regular expressions}{24}{+ in regular expressions}
105 :     \entry{? in regular expressions}{24}{? in regular expressions}
106 :     \entry{Inserting a command into a string}{25}{Inserting a command into a string}
107 :     \entry{Result of a command into a string}{25}{Result of a command into a string}
108 :     \entry{Getting command output into a string}{25}{Getting command output into a string}
109 :     \entry{CTRL-A}{25}{\key {CTRL-A}}
110 :     \entry{CTRL-C}{25}{\key {CTRL-C}}
111 :     \entry{CTRL-D}{25}{\key {CTRL-D}}
112 :     \entry{CTRL-E}{25}{\key {CTRL-E}}
113 :     \entry{CTRL-L}{25}{\key {CTRL-L}}
114 :     \entry{CTRL-Z}{25}{\key {CTRL-Z}}
115 :     \entry{Shells, various}{25}{\key {Shells, various}}
116 :     \entry{bash}{25}{bash}
117 :     \entry{csh}{25}{csh}
118 :     \entry{jsh}{25}{jsh}
119 :     \entry{ksh}{25}{ksh}
120 :     \entry{sh}{25}{sh}
121 :     \entry{sh5}{25}{sh5}
122 :     \entry{tcsh}{25}{tcsh}
123 :     \entry{zsh}{25}{zsh}
124 :     \entry{Terminals}{26}{Terminals}
125 :     \entry{Command window}{26}{Command window}
126 :     \entry{xterm}{26}{\samp {xterm}}
127 :     \entry{shelltool}{26}{\samp {shelltool}}
128 :     \entry{cmdtool}{26}{\samp {cmdtool}}
129 :     \entry{screen}{26}{\samp {screen}}
130 :     \entry{rlogin}{26}{\samp {rlogin}}
131 :     \entry{rsh}{26}{\samp {rsh}}
132 :     \entry{telnet}{26}{\samp {telnet}}
133 :     \entry{ed}{26}{\samp {ed}}
134 :     \entry{vi}{26}{\samp {vi}}
135 :     \entry{emacs}{26}{\samp {emacs}}
136 :     \entry{xemacs}{26}{\samp {xemacs}}
137 :     \entry{pico}{26}{\samp {pico}}
138 :     \entry{xedit}{26}{\samp {xedit}}
139 :     \entry{textedit}{26}{\samp {textedit}}
140 :     \entry{ls command}{26}{\samp {ls command}}
141 :     \entry{cp command}{26}{\samp {cp} command}
142 :     \entry{mv command}{26}{\samp {mv} command}
143 :     \entry{Renaming files}{26}{Renaming files}
144 :     \entry{Moving files}{26}{Moving files}
145 :     \entry{touch command}{26}{\samp {touch} command}
146 :     \entry{Creating files}{26}{Creating files}
147 :     \entry{Time stamp, updating}{26}{Time stamp, updating}
148 :     \entry{Date stamp, updating}{26}{Date stamp, updating}
149 :     \entry{Updating file time stamp}{26}{Updating file time stamp}
150 :     \entry{rm command}{26}{\samp {rm} command}
151 :     \entry{unlink command}{26}{\samp {unlink} command}
152 :     \entry{mkdir command}{26}{\samp {mkdir} command}
153 :     \entry{Creating directories}{26}{Creating directories}
154 :     \entry{Directories, creating}{26}{Directories, creating}
155 :     \entry{Directories, deleting}{26}{Directories, deleting}
156 :     \entry{rmdir command}{26}{\samp {rmdir} command}
157 :     \entry{cat command}{27}{\samp {cat} command}
158 :     \entry{PRINTER variable}{27}{\samp {PRINTER} variable}
159 :     \entry{lp command}{27}{\samp {lp} command}
160 :     \entry{lpr command}{27}{\samp {lpr} command}
161 :     \entry{Printing a file}{27}{Printing a file}
162 :     \entry{lpq}{27}{\samp {lpq}}
163 :     \entry{Printer queue}{27}{Printer queue}
164 :     \entry{Printer status}{27}{Printer status}
165 :     \entry{lpstat}{27}{\samp {lpstat}}
166 :     \entry{more command}{27}{\samp {more} command}
167 :     \entry{Viewing a file}{27}{Viewing a file}
168 :     \entry{Browsing through a file}{27}{Browsing through a file}
169 :     \entry{type in DOS}{27}{\samp {type} in DOS}
170 :     \entry{less command}{27}{\samp {less} command}
171 :     \entry{nc}{27}{nc}
172 :     \entry{mc}{27}{mc}
173 :     \entry{Access control}{27}{Access control}
174 :     \entry{Granting permission}{27}{Granting permission}
175 :     \entry{chmod command}{27}{\samp {chmod} command}
176 :     \entry{Changing file mode}{27}{Changing file mode}
177 :     \entry{File mode, changing}{27}{File mode, changing}
178 :     \entry{chown command}{27}{\samp {chown} command}
179 :     \entry{chgrp command}{27}{\samp {chgrp} command}
180 :     \entry{Access control lists}{27}{Access control lists}
181 :     \entry{ACLs}{27}{ACLs}
182 :     \entry{fmgr file manager}{27}{\samp {fmgr} file manager}
183 :     \entry{cut command}{27}{\samp {cut} command}
184 :     \entry{paste command}{27}{\samp {paste} command}
185 :     \entry{sed editor}{27}{\samp {sed} editor}
186 :     \entry{awk}{27}{\samp {awk}}
187 :     \entry{find command}{27}{\samp {find} command}
188 :     \entry{locate command}{27}{\samp {locate} command}
189 :     \entry{whereis command}{27}{\samp {whereis} command}
190 :     \entry{Disk usage.}{28}{Disk usage.}
191 :     \entry{du command}{28}{\samp {du} command}
192 :     \entry{df command}{28}{\samp {df} command}
193 :     \entry{users command}{28}{\samp {users} command}
194 :     \entry{finger service}{28}{\samp {finger} service}
195 :     \entry{who command}{28}{\samp {who} command}
196 :     \entry{w command}{28}{\samp {w} command}
197 :     \entry{Sending messages}{28}{Sending messages}
198 :     \entry{Messages}{28}{Messages}
199 :     \entry{write command}{28}{\samp {write} command}
200 :     \entry{mesg}{28}{\samp {mesg}}
201 :     \entry{talk service}{28}{\samp {talk} service}
202 :     \entry{IRC}{28}{\samp {IRC}}
203 :     \entry{Internet relay chat}{28}{Internet relay chat}
204 :     \entry{Mail clients}{28}{Mail clients}
205 :     \entry{elm mailer}{28}{\samp {elm} mailer}
206 :     \entry{pine mailer}{28}{\samp {pine} mailer}
207 :     \entry{rmail in emacs}{28}{\samp {rmail} in emacs}
208 :     \entry{zmail client}{28}{\samp {zmail} client}
209 :     \entry{File transfer}{28}{File transfer}
210 :     \entry{ftp program}{28}{\samp {ftp} program}
211 :     \entry{ncftp program}{28}{\samp {ncftp} program}
212 :     \entry{Compilers}{29}{Compilers}
213 :     \entry{cc}{29}{\samp {cc}}
214 :     \entry{CC}{29}{\samp {CC}}
215 :     \entry{gcc}{29}{\samp {gcc}}
216 :     \entry{g{\tt\char 43}{\tt\char 43}}{29}{\samp {g++}}
217 :     \entry{ld loader/linker}{29}{\samp {ld} loader/linker}
218 :     \entry{ar archiver}{29}{\samp {ar} archiver}
219 :     \entry{dbx debugger}{29}{\samp {dbx} debugger}
220 :     \entry{Debugger}{29}{Debugger}
221 :     \entry{gdb debugger}{29}{\samp {gdb} debugger}
222 :     \entry{xxgdb}{29}{\samp {xxgdb}}
223 :     \entry{Debugger GUI}{29}{Debugger GUI}
224 :     \entry{TCL}{29}{\samp {TCL}}
225 :     \entry{scheme}{29}{scheme}
226 :     \entry{Mercury}{29}{Mercury}
227 :     \entry{ps command}{29}{\samp {ps} command}
228 :     \entry{vmstat virtual memory stats}{29}{\samp {vmstat} virtual memory stats}
229 :     \entry{netstat network statistics}{29}{\samp {netstat} network statistics}
230 :     \entry{rpcinfo}{29}{\samp {rpcinfo}}
231 :     \entry{showmount}{29}{\samp {showmount}}
232 :     \entry{Mounted file systems}{29}{Mounted file systems}
233 :     \entry{System details}{29}{\samp {System details}}
234 :     \entry{Operating system name}{29}{Operating system name}
235 :     \entry{System name}{29}{System name}
236 :     \entry{hostname command}{29}{\samp {hostname} command}
237 :     \entry{domainname command}{29}{\samp {domainname} command}
238 :     \entry{Domainname}{29}{Domainname}
239 :     \entry{nslookup command}{29}{\samp {nslookup} command}
240 :     \entry{Internet resources}{30}{Internet resources}
241 :     \entry{archie program}{30}{\samp {archie} program}
242 :     \entry{FTP resources, finding}{30}{FTP resources, finding}
243 :     \entry{Finding FTP files}{30}{Finding FTP files}
244 :     \entry{xarchie client}{30}{\samp {xarchie} client}
245 :     \entry{xrn news reader}{30}{\samp {xrn} news reader}
246 :     \entry{fnews news reader}{30}{\samp {fnews} news reader}
247 :     \entry{mosaic}{30}{\samp {mosaic}}
248 :     \entry{Postscript viewers}{30}{Postscript viewers}
249 :     \entry{Text formatting}{30}{Text formatting}
250 :     \entry{tex}{30}{\samp {tex}}
251 :     \entry{latex}{30}{\samp {latex}}
252 :     \entry{Hypertext}{30}{Hypertext}
253 :     \entry{texinfo system}{30}{\samp {texinfo} system}
254 :     \entry{dvi to postscript}{30}{dvi to postscript}
255 :     \entry{ghostview postscript previewer}{30}{\samp {ghostview} postscript previewer}
256 :     \entry{ghostscript {\tt\char 34}GNU postscript{\tt\char 34} interpreter}{30}{\samp {ghostscript} "GNU postscript" interpreter}
257 :     \entry{Picture processing}{30}{Picture processing}
258 :     \entry{xv picture processor}{30}{\samp {xv} picture processor}
259 :     \entry{gif}{30}{gif}
260 :     \entry{jpg}{30}{jpg}
261 :     \entry{tiff}{30}{tiff}
262 :     \entry{xpaint program}{30}{\samp {xpaint} program}
263 :     \entry{Painting program}{30}{Painting program}
264 :     \entry{xfig drawing program}{30}{\samp {xfig} drawing program}
265 :     \entry{Drawing program}{30}{Drawing program}
266 :     \entry{Background picture}{30}{\samp {Background picture}}
267 :     \entry{date command}{30}{\samp {date} command}
268 :     \entry{Time and date}{30}{Time and date}
269 :     \entry{Spelling checker}{30}{Spelling checker}
270 :     \entry{Calculator, X windows}{30}{Calculator, X windows}
271 :     \entry{Calculator, shell}{30}{Calculator, shell}
272 :     \entry{Sonar ping}{30}{\samp {Sonar} ping}
273 :     \entry{Testing reponse from other hosts.}{30}{Testing reponse from other hosts.}
274 :     \entry{tty}{31}{tty}
275 :     \entry{Teletype terminal}{31}{Teletype terminal}
276 :     \entry{xterm program}{31}{xterm program}
277 :     \entry{rlogin program}{31}{rlogin program}
278 :     \entry{X window system}{31}{X window system}
279 :     \entry{X protocol}{32}{X protocol}
280 :     \entry{X display}{32}{X display}
281 :     \entry{Display, X}{32}{Display, X}
282 :     \entry{.xsession file}{32}{.xsession file}
283 :     \entry{Setting up the x environment}{32}{Setting up the x environment}
284 :     \entry{DISPLAY variable}{33}{DISPLAY variable}
285 :     \entry{X display}{33}{X display}
286 :     \entry{X windows authentification}{33}{X windows authentification}
287 :     \entry{X windows access}{33}{X windows access}
288 :     \entry{xhost mechanism}{33}{xhost mechanism}
289 :     \entry{Xauthority mechanism}{34}{Xauthority mechanism}
290 :     \entry{X access control}{34}{X access control}
291 :     \entry{Screens}{34}{Screens}
292 :     \entry{Multiple screens}{34}{Multiple screens}
293 :     \entry{Access to files}{37}{Access to files}
294 :     \entry{Permissions on files}{37}{Permissions on files}
295 :     \entry{Access rights}{37}{Access rights}
296 :     \entry{File access permission}{37}{File access permission}
297 :     \entry{groups}{37}{groups}
298 :     \entry{/etc/group}{37}{\file {/etc/group}}
299 :     \entry{File protection bits}{37}{File protection bits}
300 :     \entry{Protection bits}{37}{Protection bits}
301 :     \entry{Access bits}{37}{Access bits}
302 :     \entry{Long file listing}{37}{Long file listing}
303 :     \entry{ls -l}{37}{\code {ls -l}}
304 :     \entry{Text form of access bits}{38}{Text form of access bits}
305 :     \entry{Access bits, text form}{38}{Access bits, text form}
306 :     \entry{Access bits, octal form}{38}{Access bits, octal form}
307 :     \entry{chmod command}{38}{\code {chmod} command}
308 :     \entry{umask variable}{39}{\code {umask} variable}
309 :     \entry{s-bit}{39}{s-bit}
310 :     \entry{setuid bit}{39}{setuid bit}
311 :     \entry{setgid bit}{39}{setgid bit}
312 :     \entry{umask variable}{39}{\code {umask} variable}
313 :     \entry{Masking programs executable}{39}{Masking programs executable}
314 :     \entry{Executable, making programs}{39}{Executable, making programs}
315 :     \entry{chown command}{39}{\code {chown} command}
316 :     \entry{chgrp command}{39}{\code {chgrp} command}
317 :     \entry{Sticky bit}{40}{Sticky bit}
318 :     \entry{s-bit}{40}{s-bit}
319 :     \entry{t-bit}{40}{t-bit}
320 :     \entry{.cshrc file}{41}{\file {.cshrc} file}
321 :     \entry{.login file}{41}{\file {.login} file}
322 :     \entry{Login evironment}{41}{Login evironment}
323 :     \entry{C shell setup files}{41}{C shell setup files}
324 :     \entry{Setting up the C shell}{41}{Setting up the C shell}
325 :     \entry{Setting the prompt}{41}{Setting the prompt}
326 :     \entry{Prompt, redefining}{41}{Prompt, redefining}
327 :     \entry{set command}{42}{\code {set} command}
328 :     \entry{Local variables in csh}{42}{Local variables in csh}
329 :     \entry{setenv command}{42}{\code {setenv} command}
330 :     \entry{Global variables in csh}{42}{Global variables in csh}
331 :     \entry{unset command}{42}{\code {unset} command}
332 :     \entry{Undefining variables}{42}{Undefining variables}
333 :     \entry{Arrays in csh}{43}{Arrays in csh}
334 :     \entry{() operators to make array in csh}{43}{() operators to make array in csh}
335 :     \entry{Pipes}{43}{Pipes}
336 :     \entry{{\tt\char 124} symbol}{43}{\samp {|} symbol}
337 :     \entry{Redirection of stdio}{43}{Redirection of stdio}
338 :     \entry{Standard I/O, redirection}{43}{Standard I/O, redirection}
339 :     \entry{Output, sending to a file}{43}{Output, sending to a file}
340 :     \entry{noclobber variable}{44}{\code {noclobber} variable}
341 :     \entry{Protecting files from overwrite with {\tt\gtr}}{44}{Protecting files from overwrite with \samp {>}}
342 :     \entry{noclobber overwrite protection}{44}{\code {noclobber} overwrite protection}
343 :     \entry{Appending to a file with {\tt\gtr}{\tt\gtr}}{44}{Appending to a file with \samp {>>}}
344 :     \entry{Formatting text in a file}{45}{Formatting text in a file}
345 :     \entry{Printing multiple lines}{45}{Printing multiple lines}
346 :     \entry{Input over many lines}{45}{Input over many lines}
347 :     \entry{Pipe}{45}{Pipe}
348 :     \entry{{\tt\char 124} symbol}{45}{\samp {|} symbol}
349 :     \entry{Piping to more to prevent scrolling}{45}{Piping to more to prevent scrolling}
350 :     \entry{tee command}{45}{\samp {tee} command}
351 :     \entry{Splitting output to several files}{45}{Splitting output to several files}
352 :     \entry{Copy of output to file}{45}{Copy of output to file}
353 :     \entry{Output to file}{45}{Output to file}
354 :     \entry{Command history}{46}{Command history}
355 :     \entry{Up arrow}{46}{Up arrow}
356 :     \entry{Filename completion}{46}{Filename completion}
357 :     \entry{Command completion}{46}{Command completion}
358 :     \entry{TAB completion key}{46}{\key {TAB} completion key}
359 :     \entry{Single and double quotes}{47}{Single and double quotes}
360 :     \entry{' and {\tt\char 34}}{47}{\key {'} and \key {"}}
361 :     \entry{Backwards quotes}{47}{Backwards quotes}
362 :     \entry{` symbol and embedded shells}{47}{\key {`} symbol and embedded shells}
363 :     \entry{Embedded shell}{47}{Embedded shell}
364 :     \entry{Job control}{47}{Job control}
365 :     \entry{Foreground process}{47}{Foreground process}
366 :     \entry{Background process}{47}{Background process}
367 :     \entry{find command}{48}{\samp {find} command}
368 :     \entry{Processes}{48}{Processes}
369 :     \entry{Background process}{48}{Background process}
370 :     \entry{Starting shell jobs}{50}{Starting shell jobs}
371 :     \entry{fg command}{50}{\samp {fg} command}
372 :     \entry{bg command}{50}{\samp {bg} command}
373 :     \entry{Job numbers in csh}{50}{Job numbers in csh}
374 :     \entry{kill command}{50}{\samp {kill} command}
375 :     \entry{Suspending a job}{50}{Suspending a job}
376 :     \entry{Moving a job to the background}{50}{Moving a job to the background}
377 :     \entry{Job, moving to background}{50}{Job, moving to background}
378 :     \entry{Process. moving to background}{50}{Process. moving to background}
379 :     \entry{Break key}{51}{Break key}
380 :     \entry{Panic button}{51}{Panic button}
381 :     \entry{Script, making}{51}{Script, making}
382 :     \entry{Making a script}{51}{Making a script}
383 :     \entry{Writing a script}{51}{Writing a script}
384 :     \entry{#!program sequence}{51}{\samp {#!program} sequence}
385 :     \entry{Command line arguments}{51}{Command line arguments}
386 :     \entry{Argument vector in csh}{51}{Argument vector in csh}
387 :     \entry{argv}{51}{\samp {argv}}
388 :     \entry{Arguments, command line}{51}{Arguments, command line}
389 :     \entry{foreach example}{52}{\code {foreach} example}
390 :     \entry{write example}{52}{\code {write} example}
391 :     \entry{Subshells and ()}{52}{Subshells and ()}
392 :     \entry{() and subshells}{52}{() and subshells}
393 :     \entry{Continuing long lines}{53}{Continuing long lines}
394 :     \entry{Long lines, continuing}{53}{Long lines, continuing}
395 :     \entry{Tests and conditions in csh}{53}{Tests and conditions in csh}
396 :     \entry{if..then..else in csh}{53}{\code {if..then..else} in csh}
397 :     \entry{switch..case in csh}{53}{\code {switch..case} in csh}
398 :     \entry{Testing files}{53}{Testing files}
399 :     \entry{Comparison operators in csh}{54}{Comparison operators in csh}
400 :     \entry{Operators in csh}{54}{Operators in csh}
401 :     \entry{uname command}{55}{\samp {uname} command}
402 :     \entry{System identity and uname}{55}{System identity and \samp {uname}}
403 :     \entry{sed, search and replace}{55}{\samp {sed}, search and replace}
404 :     \entry{Swapping text strings}{55}{Swapping text strings}
405 :     \entry{Make software script}{55}{Make software script}
406 :     \entry{Build software script}{55}{Build software script}
407 :     \entry{Compiler script}{55}{Compiler script}
408 :     \entry{Loops in csh}{56}{Loops in csh}
409 :     \entry{foreach}{56}{\code {foreach}}
410 :     \entry{repeat}{56}{\code {repeat}}
411 :     \entry{while}{56}{\code {while}}
412 :     \entry{continue in csh}{57}{\samp {continue} in csh}
413 :     \entry{Input in csh}{57}{Input in csh}
414 :     \entry{${\tt\less} operator}{57}{\samp {$<} operator}
415 :     \entry{breaksw}{57}{\samp {breaksw}}
416 :     \entry{Parts of a filename}{58}{Parts of a filename}
417 :     \entry{Extracting filename components}{58}{Extracting filename components}
418 :     \entry{Arithemtic operations in csh}{59}{Arithemtic operations in csh}
419 :     \entry{whoami command}{61}{\samp {whoami} command}
420 :     \entry{sleep command}{62}{\samp {sleep} command}
421 :     \entry{Bourne shell}{63}{Bourne shell}
422 :     \entry{.profile set up in sh}{63}{\file {.profile} set up in sh}
423 :     \entry{Global variables in sh}{63}{Global variables in sh}
424 :     \entry{Local variables in sh}{63}{Local variables in sh}
425 :     \entry{EXPORT command in sh}{63}{\samp {EXPORT} command in sh}
426 :     \entry{Standard I/O in sh}{64}{Standard I/O in sh}
427 :     \entry{Redirecting stdio in sh}{64}{Redirecting stdio in sh}
428 :     \entry{1{\tt\gtr} in sh}{64}{\samp {1>} in sh}
429 :     \entry{2{\tt\gtr} in sh}{64}{\samp {2>} in sh}
430 :     \entry{2{\tt\gtr}&1 in sh}{64}{\samp {2>&1} in sh}
431 :     \entry{Arithemtic in sh}{65}{Arithemtic in sh}
432 :     \entry{Scripts in sh, making}{65}{Scripts in sh, making}
433 :     \entry{Making scripts in sh}{65}{Making scripts in sh}
434 :     \entry{#!program sequence}{65}{\samp {#!program} sequence}
435 :     \entry{Command line arguments in sh}{65}{Command line arguments in sh}
436 :     \entry{for loop in sh}{65}{\code {for} loop in sh}
437 :     \entry{while loop in sh}{65}{\code {while} loop in sh}
438 :     \entry{shift operator on strings}{65}{\code {shift} operator on strings}
439 :     \entry{Return codes}{66}{Return codes}
440 :     \entry{Decisions and return codes in sh}{66}{Decisions and return codes in sh}
441 :     \entry{Tests in sh}{66}{Tests in sh}
442 :     \entry{test in sh}{67}{\samp {test} in sh}
443 :     \entry{[] for test in sh}{67}{\samp {[]} for test in sh}
444 :     \entry{if..then..else..fi in sh}{67}{\code {if..then..else..fi} in sh}
445 :     \entry{Input in sh}{68}{Input in sh}
446 :     \entry{Loops in sh}{69}{Loops in sh}
447 :     \entry{while in sh}{69}{\samp {while} in sh}
448 :     \entry{until}{69}{\samp {until}}
449 :     \entry{IFS variable in sh}{70}{\samp {IFS} variable in sh}
450 :     \entry{Redefining list separator in sh}{70}{Redefining list separator in sh}
451 :     \entry{Loops and list separators}{70}{Loops and list separators}
452 :     \entry{CTRL-D and EOF}{70}{\key {CTRL-D} and EOF}
453 :     \entry{End of file CTRL-D}{70}{End of file \key {CTRL-D}}
454 :     \entry{Procedures and subroutines in sh}{71}{Procedures and subroutines in sh}
455 :     \entry{Signal handler in sh}{71}{Signal handler in sh}
456 :     \entry{Interrupt handler in sh}{71}{Interrupt handler in sh}
457 :     \entry{Traps in sh}{71}{Traps in sh}
458 :     \entry{SetUID scripts}{73}{SetUID scripts}
459 :     \entry{Root privileges}{73}{Root privileges}
460 :     \entry{Limitations of shell programs}{73}{Limitations of shell programs}
461 :     \entry{batch command}{74}{\samp {batch} command}
462 :     \entry{at command}{74}{\samp {at} command}
463 :     \entry{Perl}{75}{Perl}
464 :     \entry{sed batch editor}{75}{\samp {sed} batch editor}
465 :     \entry{awk pattern extractor}{75}{\samp {awk} pattern extractor}
466 :     \entry{cut}{75}{\samp {cut}}
467 :     \entry{paste}{75}{\samp {paste}}
468 :     \entry{Perl variables and types}{76}{Perl variables and types}
469 :     \entry{Types in perl}{76}{Types in perl}
470 :     \entry{Arrays in perl}{76}{Arrays in perl}
471 :     \entry{Argument vector in perl}{76}{Argument vector in perl}
472 :     \entry{Command line arguments in perl}{76}{Command line arguments in perl}
473 :     \entry{Environment variables in perl}{76}{Environment variables in perl}
474 :     \entry{`..` in perl}{76}{\samp {`..`} in perl}
475 :     \entry{Scalar variables in perl}{77}{Scalar variables in perl}
476 :     \entry{Strings in perl}{77}{Strings in perl}
477 :     \entry{Perl, strings and scalar}{77}{Perl, strings and scalar}
478 :     \entry{Interpretation of values in perl}{77}{Interpretation of values in perl}
479 :     \entry{eq and == in perl}{77}{\samp {eq} and \samp {==} in perl}
480 :     \entry{Arrays (normal) in perl}{78}{Arrays (normal) in perl}
481 :     \entry{Argument vector in perl}{78}{Argument vector in perl}
482 :     \entry{Command line arguments in perl}{78}{Command line arguments in perl}
483 :     \entry{shift and arrays in perl}{79}{\samp {shift} and arrays in perl}
484 :     \entry{shift and arrays}{79}{\samp {shift} and arrays}
485 :     \entry{split command}{79}{\samp {split} command}
486 :     \entry{split and arrays}{79}{\samp {split} and arrays}
487 :     \entry{Arrays and split}{79}{Arrays and \samp {split}}
488 :     \entry{Arrays (associated) in perl}{79}{Arrays (associated) in perl}
489 :     \entry{Environment variables in perl}{79}{Environment variables in perl}
490 :     \entry{For loops in perl}{81}{For loops in perl}
491 :     \entry{for loop in perl}{81}{\code {for} loop in perl}
492 :     \entry{foreach loop in perl}{81}{\code {foreach} loop in perl}
493 :     \entry{if in perl}{81}{\samp {if} in perl}
494 :     \entry{unless in perl}{81}{\samp {unless} in perl}
495 :     \entry{while in perl}{81}{\samp {while} in perl}
496 :     \entry{do..while in perl}{81}{\samp {do..while} in perl}
497 :     \entry{For loop}{82}{For loop}
498 :     \entry{Foreach loop}{82}{Foreach loop}
499 :     \entry{Iteration over arrays}{82}{Iteration over arrays}
500 :     \entry{Associated arrays, iteration}{83}{Associated arrays, iteration}
501 :     \entry{Iterating over files}{83}{Iterating over files}
502 :     \entry{Files, iterating over lines}{83}{Files, iterating over lines}
503 :     \entry{Files in perl}{84}{Files in perl}
504 :     \entry{Standard I/O in perl}{84}{Standard I/O in perl}
505 :     \entry{open command in perl}{84}{\samp {open} command in perl}
506 :     \entry{close command in perl}{84}{\samp {close} command in perl}
507 :     \entry{{\tt\less}{\tt\gtr} filehandle in perl}{84}{\samp {<>} filehandle in perl}
508 :     \entry{File handles in perl}{84}{File handles in perl}
509 :     \entry{Cut as a perl script}{84}{Cut as a perl script}
510 :     \entry{Paste as a perl script}{84}{Paste as a perl script}
511 :     \entry{Truncating strings in perl}{86}{Truncating strings in perl}
512 :     \entry{Perl, truncating strings}{86}{Perl, truncating strings}
513 :     \entry{chop command in perl}{86}{\samp {chop} command in perl}
514 :     \entry{Subroutines in perl}{86}{Subroutines in perl}
515 :     \entry{Local variables in perl}{87}{Local variables in perl}
516 :     \entry{Parameters in perl functions}{87}{Parameters in perl functions}
517 :     \entry{Exiting on errors in perl}{87}{Exiting on errors in perl}
518 :     \entry{die}{87}{\samp {die}}
519 :     \entry{Errors in perl}{87}{Errors in perl}
520 :     \entry{passwd file}{88}{\file {passwd} file}
521 :     \entry{Encryption}{88}{Encryption}
522 :     \entry{stty and switching off term echo}{88}{\samp {stty} and switching off term echo}
523 :     \entry{Terminal echo and stty}{88}{Terminal echo and \samp {stty}}
524 :     \entry{Forking new processes}{89}{Forking new processes}
525 :     \entry{Database support}{90}{Database support}
526 :     \entry{User database support}{90}{User database support}
527 :     \entry{sed as a perl script}{93}{\samp {sed} as a perl script}
528 :     \entry{Pattern matching in perl}{93}{Pattern matching in perl}
529 :     \entry{Pattern replacement in perl}{93}{Pattern replacement in perl}
530 :     \entry{Searching and replacing in perl (example)}{94}{Searching and replacing in perl (example)}
531 :     \entry{Pattern matching in perl}{95}{Pattern matching in perl}
532 :     \entry{CGI protocol}{103}{CGI protocol}
533 :     \entry{Mime types in W3}{103}{Mime types in W3}
534 :     \entry{Forms in HTML}{103}{Forms in HTML}
535 :     \entry{Script aliases in W3}{104}{Script aliases in W3}
536 :     \entry{C programming}{115}{C programming}
537 :     \entry{Wrappers}{115}{Wrappers}
538 :     \entry{Curses}{115}{Curses}
539 :     \entry{X windows}{115}{X windows}
540 :     \entry{Tk library}{115}{Tk library}
541 :     \entry{lex}{115}{\samp {lex}}
542 :     \entry{yacc}{115}{\samp {yacc}}
543 :     \entry{ANSI C}{116}{ANSI C}
544 :     \entry{Kernighan and Ritchie C}{116}{Kernighan and Ritchie C}
545 :     \entry{Splitting C into many files.}{117}{Splitting C into many files.}
546 :     \entry{extern variables}{117}{\code {extern} variables}
547 :     \entry{POSIX standard}{117}{POSIX standard}
548 :     \entry{Compiling programs}{117}{Compiling programs}
549 :     \entry{Multiple C files, compiling}{117}{Multiple C files, compiling}
550 :     \entry{a.out}{117}{\file {a.out}}
551 :     \entry{libc}{117}{libc}
552 :     \entry{libm}{117}{libm}
553 :     \entry{libcurses}{117}{libcurses}
554 :     \entry{Library path for C loader}{117}{Library path for C loader}
555 :     \entry{-L option to cc}{117}{\samp {-L} option to \code {cc}}
556 :     \entry{Include files}{118}{Include files}
557 :     \entry{-I option to cc}{118}{\samp {-I} option to \code {cc}}
558 :     \entry{Include file search path}{118}{Include file search path}
559 :     \entry{Static linking}{118}{Static linking}
560 :     \entry{Shared libraries}{118}{Shared libraries}
561 :     \entry{ld.so.cache}{119}{\file {ld.so.cache}}
562 :     \entry{ldconfig}{119}{\file {ldconfig}}
563 :     \entry{Compiling huge programs}{120}{Compiling huge programs}
564 :     \entry{Suffix rules in Makefiles}{121}{Suffix rules in Makefiles}
565 :     \entry{Dependencies in Makefiles}{121}{Dependencies in Makefiles}
566 :     \entry{C{\tt\char 43}{\tt\char 43} suffix rules}{124}{C++ suffix rules}
567 :     \entry{Make rules for C{\tt\char 43}{\tt\char 43}}{124}{Make rules for C++}
568 :     \entry{The arguement vector in C}{125}{The arguement vector in C}
569 :     \entry{Command line arguments in C}{125}{Command line arguments in C}
570 :     \entry{envp in C}{125}{\code {envp} in C}
571 :     \entry{Environment variables in C}{125}{Environment variables in C}
572 :     \entry{Environment variables in C}{125}{Environment variables in C}
573 :     \entry{getenv() function}{125}{\code {getenv() function}}
574 :     \entry{opendir command}{126}{\code {opendir} command}
575 :     \entry{closedir command}{126}{\code {closedir} command}
576 :     \entry{readdir command}{126}{\code {readdir} command}
577 :     \entry{dirent directory interface}{126}{dirent directory interface}
578 :     \entry{Information about file properties}{127}{Information about file properties}
579 :     \entry{Statistics about a file}{127}{Statistics about a file}
580 :     \entry{stat()}{127}{\code {stat()}}
581 :     \entry{lstat()}{127}{\code {lstat()}}
582 :     \entry{readlink()}{127}{\code {readlink()}}
583 :     \entry{Links, where do they point?}{127}{Links, where do they point?}
584 :     \entry{Links in C}{127}{Links in C}
585 :     \entry{Macros for stat}{128}{Macros for stat}
586 :     \entry{Permissions, determining in C}{128}{Permissions, determining in C}
587 :     \entry{File type, determining in C}{128}{File type, determining in C}
588 :     \entry{Starting}{132}{Starting}
589 :     \entry{Waiting for child processes}{135}{Waiting for child processes}
590 :     \entry{wait.h}{135}{\file {wait.h}}
591 :     \entry{WTERMSIG(status)}{135}{\code {WTERMSIG(status)}}
592 :     \entry{popen()}{135}{\code {popen()}}
593 :     \entry{Pipes in C}{135}{Pipes in C}
594 :     \entry{Opening a pipe in C}{135}{Opening a pipe in C}
595 :     \entry{ioctl()}{145}{\code {ioctl()}}
596 :     \entry{Lexer}{147}{Lexer}
597 :     \entry{Parser}{147}{Parser}
598 :     \entry{yacc}{147}{\samp {yacc}}
599 :     \entry{Sockets}{151}{Sockets}
600 :     \entry{TCP/IP}{151}{TCP/IP}
601 :     \entry{INADDR{\_}ANY}{151}{\code {INADDR_ANY}}
602 :     \entry{Byte order}{151}{Byte order}
603 :     \entry{Network byte order}{151}{Network byte order}
604 :     \entry{Big endian}{151}{Big endian}
605 :     \entry{Little endian}{151}{Little endian}
606 :     \entry{gethostbyname()}{153}{\code {gethostbyname()}}
607 :     \entry{socket()}{153}{\code {socket()}}
608 :     \entry{connect()}{153}{\code {connect()}}
609 :     \entry{send()}{154}{\code {send()}}
610 :     \entry{recv()}{154}{\code {recv()}}
611 :     \entry{bind()}{155}{\code {bind()}}
612 :     \entry{listen()}{155}{\code {listen()}}
613 :     \entry{accept()}{155}{\code {accept()}}
614 :     \entry{Reliable socket protocol}{157}{Reliable socket protocol}
615 :     \entry{NIS}{159}{NIS}
616 :     \entry{Network information service}{159}{Network information service}
617 :     \entry{Network databases}{159}{Network databases}
618 :     \entry{Database maps}{159}{Database maps}
619 :     \entry{getpwnam()}{160}{\code {getpwnam()}}
620 :     \entry{getpwuid()}{160}{\code {getpwuid()}}
621 :     \entry{getgrnam()}{160}{\code {getgrnam()}}
622 :     \entry{gethostent()}{160}{\code {gethostent()}}
623 :     \entry{getnetgrent()}{160}{\code {getnetgrent()}}
624 :     \entry{getservbyname()}{160}{\code {getservbyname()}}
625 :     \entry{getservbyport()}{160}{\code {getservbyport()}}
626 :     \entry{DNS}{160}{DNS}
627 :     \entry{The domain name service}{160}{The domain name service}
628 :     \entry{BIND}{160}{BIND}
629 :     \entry{Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND)}{160}{Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND)}
630 :     \entry{Fully qualified name}{161}{Fully qualified name}
631 :     \entry{gethostbyname()}{161}{\code {gethostbyname()}}
632 :     \entry{NFS and C support}{162}{NFS and C support}

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