SK157 Health-promoting and preventive work. Subject 7

Public health work is the society's collective effort to maintain, improve and promote public health. In this work, it is necessary to strengthen values that give the individual and groups opportunities for responsibility, participation, solidarity, coping and control of their own lives and life situation.

The student:

• Understands the ideology behind health-promoting and preventive work related to the concepts: Human beings, the environment, health and nursing
• Can explain the main national and global features of public health and has insight into recent research in this area
• Understands risk factors of an individual and/or environmental and structural nature and has insight into measures that promote public health and prevent disease
• Has a knowledge of the welfare state's organisation, administration and selection of priorities
• Uses knowledge about disease and human reactions in health-promoting and preventive work
• Has operational competence to present health information to and conduct preventive work for healthy persons and persons whose health is at risk
• Has a knowledge of the concept of culture, migration and health problems as a result of migration
• Has a knowledge of public health and strategies in preventive and/or health-promoting work in Zambia
• Has a knowledge of the prevention of infections, in institutions and society
• Has a knowledge of key policy instruments for promoting good health at work
• Has a knowledge of human health and development throughout the course of a life
• Uses research-based technical knowledge in the implementation of project work

Subject 7 must be passed before subject 2, Bachelors thesis project.

Introduction/basic principles

• The concept of health, empowerment, salutogenesis, user cooperation, resilience
• Public health: organisation of health services, level
• Coping and change of lifestyle
• Public health, status and systematic patterns
• Gender and health
• Power and powerlessness
• Key international, national and local target areas, (prevention of accidents and injuries, physical activity and nutrition, tobacco and intoxication, mental health)
• Project methodology and group work as a form of work

Sub-topic I: Migration and health.

• Culture, religion
• Medical system
• Migration, causes, various categories of immigrants
• Health problems as a result of migration
• Public health and strategies: Zambia,

Sub-topic II: Work environment and health

• Health, safety and environment
• Inclusive employment
• Environmentally oriented health care

Sub-topic III: Infections and health

• Hospital hygiene
• Epidemics/pandemics
• Tuberculosis
• HIV/AIDS
• Travel medicine

Sub-topic IV: Phases of life and health

• Pregnancy and birth
• Father's/mother's role, the new family, breastfeeding
• Development: age 0-6, mother and child health clinic: age 6-12, school health service: age 12-18
• Health clinic for adolescents
• Health clinic for the elderly
• International perspectives on reproductive health for women
• Birth assistance in a multi-cultural Norway
• Contraception and abortion on request
• Prevention of accidents
• Outdoor recreation
• Volunteer centre

• Lectures
• Study groups and/or project groups with guidance
• Project work in groups: write a project plan and project report, present the work to teachers and other students (symposium, posters, presentation, etc.)
• The subject can be taught in English

Observation practice: 2 weeks that can be completed at:

• maternity/post-natal ward in a hospital
• mother and child health clinic/school health service
• occupational health service
• public health coordinator in the municipalities
• other fields in preventive health work

Each project group chooses a topic from one of the main subjects. This shall be focused on through observation and attendance during the clinical practice period and will be a topic for project work.

The whole subject may be taken as a period of study abroad. The subject may be taken by English-speaking students.

• Project work in group
• Obligatory periods of instruction in the project
• Some parts of the instruction may be included in the compulsory assignments
• Attendance at project seminar related to the sub-topics
• Present the project work to fellow students and teacher

SK157 Health-promoting and preventive work. Project examination in group. Assessment: Passed/failed.

If the project examination is failed, the group can continue to work on the same problem.

Andersen, S.A. (2001). ”Fysisk aktivitet og helse – anbefalinger”. (Physical activity and health – recommendations). In: Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen. (The Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association). No. 17, pp. 2037-2041. (Compendium).

Bergland, A., Jarnlo, G.-B. and Wyller, T.B. (2006). ”Egenrapportert gangfunksjon, balansetester og risiko for fall hos eldre”. (Self-reported walking ability, balance tests and risk of falling among the elderly). Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen. (The Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association). No. 2, pp. 176-178. (Compendium).

Brudal, L. (2005). Positiv psykologi. (Positive psychology). Oslo, Norway: Fagbokforlaget. pp. 11– 45, 67–170.

Einarsen, S. and Skogstad, A. (2000). Det gode arbeidsmiljø – krav og utfordring. (The good working environment – requirements and challenges). Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget. pp. 15-34. (Compendium).

Garsjø, J.E. (2001). Sosiologiske tenkemåtar – ein introduksjon for helse- og sosialarbeidere. (Sociological reasoning – an introduction to health and social work). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Akademisk. pp. 276-329.

Grønseth, R. and Markestad, T. (1998). Pediatri og pediatrisk sykepleie (Paediatrics and paediatric nursing).
Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget. Parts I, II and III pp. 9-54 and 69-80.

Hansen, I. (2005). Helsearbeid i et flerkulturelt samfunn. (Health work in a multi-cultural society). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Akademisk. Chapters 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10: pp. 15-42, 67-96, 160-209.

Holan, S. (ed.) (2000). Det nye livet. Svangerskap, fødsel og barseltid. (New life. Pregnancy, birth and the post-natal period). Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget. Parts 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, pp. 11-45, 55- 63, 71-74, 79-90, 113-119, 145-156, 163-169, 171-184, 187-190, 195-204, 215-226.

Hovig, B. and Lystad, A. (2001). Infeksjonssykdommer. Epidemiologi, mikrobiologi og smittevern. (Infectious diseases. Epidemiology, microbiology and preventing the spread of contagious disease). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Akademisk. pp. 165-169, 221-224. (Compendium).

Mæland, J.G. (2005). Forebyggende helsearbeid- i teori og praksis. (Preventive health work – in theory and practice). Oslo, Norway: Universitetsforlaget. pp. 36-48, 103-114. (Compendium).

Mæland, J.G., Fugeli, P., Høyer, G. (et al.) (2004). Sosialmedisin- I teori og praksis. (Social medicine – in theory and practice). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Akademisk. pp. 383-399. (Compendium).

Official Norwegian Report (NOU) (2000:27). Sykefravær og uførepensjonering – et inkluderende arbeidsliv. (Absence due to illness and disability pensioning – an inclusive employment). Ch. 2. (Compendium).

The Olafia Clinic and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health (2006). About HIV infection (Online). Web-site: http://www.fhi.no/dav/A167F899DF.pdf (7 June 2006).

Schanche, V. (2005). Forebyggende og helsefremmende arbeid, fra forskning til praksis – en kunnskapsoppsummering med råd og anbefalinger. (Preventive and health-promoting work, from research to clinical practice – a summary of current knowledge with advice and recommendations). Narvik, Norway: Northern Norway Competency Centre – Alcohol and Drug Addiction Service at the Nordland Clinic. pp. 35-85.

Directorate of Health and Social Affairs (2005). Forebygging av skader og ulykker. En strategiplan for sektorovergripende samarbeid (Prevention of injuries and accidents. A strategic plan for cross-sectoral cooperation) (Online). Web-site: http://www.shdir.no/vp/multimedia/archive/00003/Strategiplan_IS-1280_3319a.pdf. pp. 17-24. (7 June 2006). (Compendium).

Directorate of Health and Social Affairs (2006). Populære informasjonstjenester for ungdom. (Popular information services for young people.) Press release 9 May 2006 (Online).
Web-site: (9 June 2006).

Stamsø, M.A. (ed.) (2005). Velferdsstaten i endring, -norsk helse- og sosialpolitikk ved starten av et nytt århundre. (The welfare state in transition – Norwegian health and social policy at the dawn of a new century). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal akademisk. pp. 76-103, 105-126, 128-151, 262-282.

Stifoss-Hansen, H. and Kallenberg, K. (1998). Livssyn og helse, teoretiske og kliniske perspektiver. (View of life and health, theoretical and clinical perspectives). Oslo, Norway:
Ad Notam Gyldendal. pp. 62-74 (Compendium).

Stordalen, J. (2005 3rd ed.). Den usynlige fare – lærebok i hygiene. (The invisible danger – textbook in hygiene). Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget. pp. 9-73, 107-175.

Økland, T. and Glavin, K. (2005). På ungdoms premisser. Helsestasjon for ungdom. (On adolescent premises. Health clinic for adolescents). Oslo, Norway: Akribe. pp. 9-10, 67-77. (Compendium).

WHO (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health (Online). Web-site:
http://www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA57/A57_R17-en.pdf (7 June 2006). (Compendium).

Recommended literature

Breidablikk, H.J. and Meland, E. (2004). Ungdom og seksualitet i Utkant-Norge 1997 – 2001. (Adolescents and sexuality in Rural Norway 1997-2001). In: Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen. (The Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association). No. 13. pp. 1769-1771.

Donovan, B. and Ross, M.W. (2000). ”Preventing HIV: determinants of sexual behavior. Lancet. pp. 1897-1901. (Compendium).

Elstrøm, P. (2002). Smittevern i helseinstitusjoner. (Preventing the spread of contagious diseases in health care institutions). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Akademisk.

Eriksen, T.H. (1997). Flerkulturell forståelse. (Multi-cultural understanding). Oslo, Norway: Tano Aschehoug.

Eriksen, T.H. and Sørheim T.A. (2003). Kulturforskjeller i praksis. (Cultural differences in practice). Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Akademisk.

The Norwegian Ministry of Health (2004). Handlingsplan for å forebygge sykehusinfeksjoner 2004-2006 (Plan of action for preventing hospital infections 2004-2006) (Online). Web-site: http://odin.dep.no/filarkiv/203934/sykehusinfeksjoner.pdf (7 June 2006).

Iversen, G.B. (2003). MRSA-veilederen (The MRSA Guide) (Online). Web-site: http://www.fhi.no/artikler/?id=28734 (7 June 2006).

Norwegian Institute of Public Health (2004). Isoleringsveilederen (The Isolation Guide) (Online). Web-site: http://www.fhi.no/artikler/?id=46323 (7 June 2006).

Official Norwegian Report (NOU) (1998:18). Use for Everyone
(Online). Web-site: http://www.odin.no/hod/norsk/dok/andre_dok/nou/030005-020018/dok-bn.html (7 June 2006).

Pedersen, W. and Samuelsen, S.O. (2003). ”Nye mønstre av seksualatferd blant ungdom”. (New patterns of sexual behaviour among adolescents). Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen. (The Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association). No. 21. pp. 3006-9.

Richens, J., Imrie, J. and Copas, A. (2000). “Condoms and seat belts: the parallels and the lessons”. Lancet. 355. pp. 400-403. (Compendium)

Directorate of Health and Social Affairs (2005). Opptrappingsplan for psykisk helse 1998-2008 (Escalation plan for Mental Health 1999-2008) (Online). Web-site: http://www.shdir.no/psykiskhelse/publikasjoner/opptrappingsplan_for_psykisk_helse_1999_2008__utkast_til_veileder_i_psykisk_helsearbeid_for_voksne_i_kommunene_26104 (7 June 2006).

Directorate of Health and Social Affairs (2005). Retningslinjer for svangerskapsomsorgen (Norwegian guidelines for antenatal care) (Online). Web-site: http://www.shdir.no/publikasjoner/retningslinjer/retningslinjer_for_svangerskapsomsorgen_19103 (7 June 2006).

Ministry of Health and Social Affairs (2001). Strategiplan: Ansvar og omtanke (Strategic plan: Responsibility and reflection (Online). Web-site: http://www.odin.no/filarkiv/143387/Ansvar_og_omtanke.pdf (7 June 2006).

The Norwegian Board of Health (1998). Veileder for helsestasjons og skolehelsetjenesten (Guide for mother and child health clinics and the school health service) (Online). Web-site: http://www.helsetilsynet.no/upload/Publikasjoner/veiledningsserien/veileder_helsestasjon_skolehelsetjeneste_ik-2617.pdf (7 June 2006).

Ministry of Health and Social Affairs (1993). ”Report no. 37 (1992-93) to the Storting. Challenges in health-promotion and preventive efforts”.

The Norwegian Ministry of Health (2003). Report no. 16 (2002-2003) to the Storting. Prescriptions for a Healthier Norway (Online). Web-site: http://odin.dep.no/hod/norsk/dok/regpubl/stmeld/042001-040003/dok-bn.html (7 June 2006).

Varvin, S. (2003). Flukt og eksil. (Flight and exile). Oslo, Norway: Universitetsforlaget. aget.