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ImportFS
HIS-2020: The Mediaval town Work Load
10 credits (ECTS) | Type of course
Theoretical | Level of course/Year of study
Normally third year | Language of instruction
Norwegian | Examination semester
Spring
| Objectives
This is an optional subject in the Bachelor degree studies in history.
| Contents
This study model is concerned with the process of urbanization and town society in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. Western Europe saw a dramatic economic expansion in the centuries leading up to 1300, at the same time as a swift increase in population. This expansion was generally accompanied by a commercialization, which implies that both peasants and especially the upper layers of society moved away from a way of life based on self-sufficiency and adjusted to a market-based economic system. Increased production of goods, division of labour to a greater extent and an expanding townlife were elements of this revolution in trade. Between the years 1000 and 1200 the urban sector grew, until it incorporated 20% of the population in many places in Europe.The growth of towns is also due to other factors, where politics often played a major part. Often, new towns also had important administrative and strategic functions. The towns and their leaders were in many respects confronted with new political realities, at the same time as the complex structure of society in the towns brought about new social relations and tensions. In hope and in desperation, both rich and poor made their way to the towns, and the result was a new type of society with its own distinctive culture.Norway was one of the least urbanized environments in Europe in the Middle Ages, and the few towns in existence remained relatively small. But at the same time, the developments in Norway were an integral part of the general urbanization process during the Middle Ages.
| Form of teaching
Lectures.
| Exam and assessment
Students will write two assignments during the course, each approx. 5 pages in length. There will be a portfolio assessment, with a concluding oral examination, all of which will be awarded a final grade on the scale of A-E (pass) and F (fail). A resit exam will be offered in the case of those awarded grade F.
| Contact person/lecturer
Steinar Aas |
Teaching spring 2007
Orienteringsmøte: 8. januar 2007 kl 1215, Aud Nedre Lysthus | | Forelesning | Forelesningen er felles med HIS-3019.
Første gang: 17. januar 2007 kl 1215, rom M-025 i Breiviklia
Duration:1 Semester | | Eksamen | Eksamen: Kunngjøres senere. |
Pensum
Pensum finn du her
Byene i Middelalderens Samfunn
R.H. Hilton, English and French Towns in Feudal Society (Cambridge, 1992), 154 sider.
(å kjøpes; universitetetsbiblioteket har 3 eksemplar)
Kopisamlingens innholdet:
C. Wickham, Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000 (Macmillan,
1981), s. 80-92.
H. Clarke and B. Ambrosiani, Towns in the Viking Age (Leicester, 1991), s. 5-23 (North-west European
towns up to the end of the seventh century); s. 24-45 (North-west European towns in the eighth and
ninth centuries).
B. og P. Sawyer, Medieval Scandinavia (Minneapolis, 1993), kap. 7, ’Trade and towns’, s.144-65.
K. Helle og A. Nedkvitne, 'Sentrumsdannelser og byutvikling i norsk middelalder', i: G.A. Blom (red.),
Middelaldersteder, Urbaniseringsprosessen i Norden (Rapport til Det XVII. nordiske
historikermøtet, Trondheim 1977, særtrykk 1982), s. 37-75 og s. 88-110.
R. Bartlett, ’Colonial towns and colonial traders’, kap.7 fra The Making of Europe: Conquest, colonization
and cultural change 950-1350 (London, 1993), s.167-96
S. Reynolds, Kingdoms and Communities in Western Europe (Oxford, 1997): 'Urban communities', s.155-
218.
R.A. Holt, ‘Population and society c650-1300’, i D. Palliser, ed., Cambridge Urban History of Britain,
vol.i, 600-1540 (Cambridge, 2000), s.79-104
C.C. Dyer, ‘Urban standards of living’, in Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages (Cambridge,
1989), s. 188-210.
C.C. Dyer, 'The hidden trade of the Middle Ages', Journal of Historical Geography 18 (1992)
141-157; and in Dyer, Everyday Life in Medieval England, s. 283-303.
R.M. Spearman, ‘Workshops, materials and debris - evidence of early industries’, in M. Lynch, R.M.
Spearman and G. Stell (eds.), The Scottish Medieval Town (Edinburgh, 1988), s. 134-47.
C. Meek, ‘The trade and industry of Lucca in the fourteenth century’, Historical Studies 6 (1968), s. 39-
58.
H. Swanson, 'The illusion of economic structure: craft guilds in late medieval English towns’, Past and
Present, 121 (1988), s. 29-48.
F.L. Carsten, ‘Medieval democracy in the Brandenburg towns and its defeat in the fifteenth century’, in S.
Thrupp (ed.), Change in Medieval Society (Toronto 1988 /1964), s. 297-313.
D. Herlihy, ‘The distribution of wealth in a renaissance community: Florence 1427’, in P. Abrams and
E.A. Wrigley, Towns in Societies (Cambridge, 1978), s. 131-58.
S. Cohn Jr., ‘Florentine insurrections, 1342-1385, in comparative perspective’, in R.H. Hilton and T.H.
Aston (eds.), The English Rising of 1381 (Cambridge, 1984), s. 143-64.
R.H. Hilton, 'Women traders in medieval England', in R.H. Hilton, Class Conflict and the Crisis of
Feudalism (London, 1985), s. 205-15.
D. Herlihy, ‘Women’s work in the towns of traditional Europe’, in D. Herlihy, Women, Family and Society
in Medieval Europe (Providence, 1995), s. 69-95.
P.J.P. Goldberg, ‘Women in fifteenth-century town life’, in J.A.F. Thomson (ed.), Towns and Townspeople
in the Fifteenth Century (Gloucester, 1988), s. 107-128.
G. Jacobsen, ‘Women's work and women's role: ideology and reality in Danish urban society 1300-1500’,
Scandinavian Economic Hist Rev, 31 (1983), s. 3-20.
K. Helle, Under kirke og kongemakt 1130 - 1350 (Aschehougs norgeshistorie, bd. 3, Oslo 1995), kapitlene
'Drivkrefter i byutviklingen', og ’Å leve og virke i by', s. 132-155.
A. Nedkvitne, ’Hanseatene og Bergens utenrikshandel i middelalderen’, i: I. Øye (red.), Kjøpstad og
rikssentrum. Onsdagskvelder i Bryggens Museum II, Bergen 1986, s. 54-69.
N. Bjørgo, 'Vågastemna i mellomalderen', i: S. Imsen & G. Sandvik (red.), Hamarspor - Eit festskrift til
Lars Hamre 1912 - 1982, Oslo 1982, s. 45-60.
R.A. Holt, ’What if the sea was different? Urbanization in medieval Norway’, i C. Dyer, P. Coss, C.
Wickham, eds., Rodney Hilton’s Middle Ages, Cambridge, 2005), s.1-10
P. Abrams, ‘Towns and economic growth: some theories and problems’, i P. Abrams and
E.A. Wrigley, Towns in Societies (Cambridge, 1978), s. 9-33.
J. Merrington, 'Town and country in the transition to capitalism', in R.H. Hilton (ed.), The Transition from
Feudalism to Capitalism (London, 1978), s. 170-95.
Til sammen: 715 sider.
A. Nedkvitne, Byen under Eikaberg, fra byens oppkomst til 1536 (Oslo bys historie, bd. 1, Oslo 1991),
kapitlene 6-8: 'Opplandenes hovedstad', 'Byen som levde av landet' og 'Kjøpstaden og omlandet',
s. 133-179 og s. 187-202 (inkludert i kopisamlingen men ikke obligatorisk pensumlitteratur).
De følgende, også ikke obligatorisk pensumlitteratur, er tilgjengelig på internett:
K. Helle, ’Tidlig byutvikling i Vestnorge’
E. Schia, ’Den første urbaniseringen i Oslofjord-regionen’
Christophersen, ’For der lå landets makt og styrke ...’. Trondheims byoppkomst i regionalt og
maktpolitisk perspektiv’
R. Bertelsen, 'Vågan - Nordnorges første by?'
L. Ersgård, ’Tidlig urbanisering i Danmark och Sverige – en oversikt’
i: I. Øye (red.), Våre første byer, Onsdagskvelder i
Bryggens Museum VII, Bergen 1992
http://www.uib.no/bmu/publ/onsdagskvelder/bind7/
se også: Øye, Ingvild (red). By og land i middelalderen. Onsdagskvelder i Bryggens museum IX. http://www.fou.uib.no/fd/1996/f/004001/
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