Sports represent the largest category of voluntary organizations in many European countries. This article addresses questions concerning the position, centrality and influence of sports organizations as one specific part of civil society, and is based on an approach providing information on networks between categories of organizations. These networks consist of overlapping affiliations to organizations which are then interpreted as structures making communication, persuasion and influence possible. From these networks, position, centrality and potential influence of sports organizations in civil society are analysed. The article also looks more specifically at the links between sports and seven other types of voluntary organizations. The data is based on Norwegian surveys from 1982, 1990, and 2003, providing the possibility to follow sports organizations over a period of 20 years. The results show that sports organizations are influential due to size, but relatively weakly embedded and positioned in civil society. This position is, however, strengthened compared to most other organizations during the last 20 years. Regarding the relation of sports to other specific organizations some type of ‘normalization’ seems to have taken place, and sports are socially ‘closer’ to most organizations in 2003 than in 1982.
Hammer, Svein Ottar (2008). Styring, statistikk, subjektivitet: Utledning av et analytisk rammeverk. Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning. 49 (1): 73-105.
Sammendrag kommer
Lium, Jan-Tore, Tjora, Aksel og Faxvaag, Arild (2008). No paper, but the same routines: a qualitative exploration of experiences in two Norwegian hospitals deprived of the paper based medical record. BMC medical informatics and decision making (Online). 8 (2).
It has been shown that implementation of electronic medical records (EMR) and withdrawal of the paper-based medical record is feasible, but represents a drastic change in the information environment of hospital physicians. Previous investigations have revealed considerable inter-hospital variations in EMR-system use and user satisfaction. The aim of this study was to further explore changes of clinicians work after the EMR-system implementation processes and how they experienced working in a paper-deprived information environment.
Methods
Qualitative study based on 18 semi-structured interviews with physicians in two Norwegian hospitals.
Results
Ten different but related characteristics of work within the EMR-based practice were identified; (1) closer clinical and administrative cooperation during the implementation processes; (2) greater benefits when everybody used the system; (3) that the systems supported freshmen better than experienced physicians; (4) that EMR was useful in regard to professional learning; (5) that EMR-system savvy physicians stood for the initial system training; (6) that younger users reported a different attitude than seniors, but this might be related to more than age and previous experience with computers; (7) that the EMR made it easier to produce text, but this also gives a potential for information overflow; (8) that there is little or no support for mobile work; (9) that instances of down time are still experienced, and that this influenced the attitude towards the system and (10) that clinicians preferred EMR-only compared to both paper and electronic systems.
Conclusions
Despite the removal of paper-based records from clinical workflow (a change that hospital clinicians perceived as highly useful), many of the old routines remained unchanged, limiting the potential of the EMR-system. Thus, there is a need to not only remove paper in the physical sense, but also to established routines to fully achieve the benefits of an EMR-system.
Jamtøy, Ann Iren; Hagen, Ingunn. Iscenesatt politikk - strategier for å lage underholdende TV. I: Den medialiserte politikken. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget 2007. ISBN 978-82-15-01063-2. s. 147-176
Hvilke strategier benytter fjernsynskanalene NRK og TV2 for å få det politiske stoffet til å bli underholdende TV? I dette kapitlet ser vi på hvordan iscenesettelse av politikk på fjernsyn ofte handler om å skape underholdende programmer med stor seerappell. De konsesjonsbelagte allmennkringkasterne lever i spenningen mellom å bidra til den politiske offentligheten og å oppnå publikumsoppslutning. Hvordan løser de dette dilemmaet i praksis? Gjennom analyse av ulike iscenesettelsesstrategier studerer vi hvordan og i hvilken grad NRK og TV2 har lyktes med å forene målet om å underholde med målet om å formidle politikk.
Ringdal, Gerd Inger; Ringdal, Kristen; Jordhøy, Marit S; Kaasa, Stein. Does social support from family and friends work as a buffer against reactions to stressful life events such as terminal cancer?. Palliative and Supportive Care 2007;5:61-69
Objective: To examine the relationship between social support and emotional functioning and stress reactions. Our hypothesis is that patients who reported a high degree of social support will experience better emotional functioning and less serious stress reactions than patients with a low degree of social support.
Method: The sample was comprised of 434 patients at the Palliative Medicine Unit (PMU), University Hospital of Trondheim in Norway. The patients completed a questionnaire monthly including questions about social support from the MacAdam's Scale, subjective stress measured by the Impact of Event Scale (IES), and emotional functioning measured by the subscale in the EORTC QLQ-30.
Results: Although our hypothesis was not supported at the baseline assessment, it was supported at the second assessment, 2 months later. Patients with high social support reported better emotional functioning and less serious stress reactions, in terms of lower scores on the IES avoidance subscale, than patients with a low degree of social support.
Significance of the results: The mixed findings may indicate that social support has only small effects on emotional functioning and stress reactions. Our results on the second assessment indicate, however, that social support might work as a buffer against reactions toward external stressful events such as terminal cancer.
Fermann, Gunnar. Utenrikspolitiske målsettinger og virkemidler. I: Anarki, makt og normer. Innføring i internasjonal politikk. Oslo: Abstrakt forlag 2007. ISBN 978-82-7935-228-0. s. 28-66
Sammendrag (klipp fra Frida)
NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, tlf. 73 59 50 00.
Kontakt oss
Ansvarlig redaktør: Informasjonssjef Christian Fossen
