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Department of Mathematics >
Denne identifikatoren kan du bruke til å sitere eller lenke til denne innførselen:
http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2638
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| Tittel: | Optimisation of production from an oil-reservoir using augmented lagrangian methods |
| Forfattere: | Doublet, Daniel Christopher |
| Dato: | 18-Feb-2008 |
| Forlag: | The University of Bergen |
| Sammendrag: | This work studies the use of augmented Lagrangian methods for water flooding
production optimisation from an oil reservoir. Commonly, water flooding is used
as a means to enhance oil recovery, and due to heterogeneous rock properties, water
will flow with different velocities throughout the reservoir. Due to this, water
breakthrough can occur when great regions of the reservoir are still unflooded so
that much of the oil may become ”trapped” in the reservoir. To avoid or reduce this
problem, one can control the production so that the oil recovery rate is maximised,
or alternatively the net present value (NPV) of the reservoir is maximised.
We have considered water flooding, using smart wells. Smart wells with
down-hole valves gives us the possibility to control the injection/production at
each of the valve openings along the well, so that it is possible to control the flowregime.
One can control the injection/production at all valve openings, and the
setting of the valves may be changed during the production period, which gives
us a great deal of control over the production and we want to control the injection/
production so that the profit obtained from the reservoir is maximised.
The problem is regarded as an optimal control problem, and it is formulated as
an augmented Lagrangian saddle point problem. We develop a method for optimal
control based on solving the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions for the augmented
Lagrangian functional, a method, which to my knowledge has not been presented
in the literature before.
The advantage of this method is that we do not need to solve the forward
problem for each new estimate of the control variables, which reduces the computational
effort compared to other methods that requires the solution of the forward
problem every time we find a new estimate of the control variables, such as the
adjoint method.
We test this method on several examples, where it is compared to the adjoint
method. Our numerical experiments show that the method is convergent, and
when comparing it to the adjoint method it converges faster, in terms of computational
effort, than the adjoint method.
Furthermore, the method is also applied to a history matching problem, where
we estimate permeabilities. Also for this problem, the method shows good results. This work studies the use of augmented Lagrangian methods for water flooding
production optimisation from an oil reservoir. Commonly, water flooding is used
as a means to enhance oil recovery, and due to heterogeneous rock properties, water
will flow with different velocities throughout the reservoir. Due to this, water
breakthrough can occur when great regions of the reservoir are still unflooded so
that much of the oil may become ”trapped” in the reservoir. To avoid or reduce this
problem, one can control the production so that the oil recovery rate is maximised,
or alternatively the net present value (NPV) of the reservoir is maximised.
We have considered water flooding, using smart wells. Smart wells with
down-hole valves gives us the possibility to control the injection/production at
each of the valve openings along the well, so that it is possible to control the flowregime.
One can control the injection/production at all valve openings, and the
setting of the valves may be changed during the production period, which gives
us a great deal of control over the production and we want to control the injection/
production so that the profit obtained from the reservoir is maximised.
The problem is regarded as an optimal control problem, and it is formulated as
an augmented Lagrangian saddle point problem. We develop a method for optimal
control based on solving the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions for the augmented
Lagrangian functional, a method, which to my knowledge has not been presented
in the literature before.
The advantage of this method is that we do not need to solve the forward
problem for each new estimate of the control variables, which reduces the computational
effort compared to other methods that requires the solution of the forward
problem every time we find a new estimate of the control variables, such as the
adjoint method.
We test this method on several examples, where it is compared to the adjoint
method. Our numerical experiments show that the method is convergent, and
when comparing it to the adjoint method it converges faster, in terms of computational
effort, than the adjoint method.
Furthermore, the method is also applied to a history matching problem, where
we estimate permeabilities. Also for this problem, the method shows good results. Moreover, we consider the augmented Lagrangian method, for optimal control
problems. We study several marching schemes, that have previously been
used to solve optimal control problem, and we develop a new marching scheme.
Examples are tested with the new marching scheme and compared to other known
marching schemes. From our experiments, we see that the scheme is convergent
and that it find higher NPV than the marching schemes which we compare it to. |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1956/2638 |
| ISBN: | 978-82-308-0517-6 (print version) |
| Vises i samlingene: | Department of Mathematics
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