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ImportFS
HIS-2009: The Russian Arctic. Norway and Russia in the North ca. 1855-1940 Work Load
10 credits (ECTS) | Type of course
Theoretical subject. | Level of course/Year of study
Normally third year. | Language of instruction
Norwegian | Examination semester
Spring | Objectives
This is a free choice subject in the bachelor degree study course in History. It serves as a subsidiary subject for Russian, Russian Studies, Political Science, Law and the Peace Studies master''s degree.
| Contents
This module is concerned with Russian political attitudes to and activity in the Northern regions and the Arctic during the period between the Crimean War and the Second World War. The Russian central authorities'' interest in the Northern regions was moderate at the beginning of this period, but this sharpened towards the end of the Tsarist period at the same time as other nations increasied their activity in the Russian waters in the North. The relationship with Norway was especially important during the pre-revolutionary period, because expansive Norwegian activity in the North challenged Russian interests and led to increased efforts on the part of the Russian government. There were disagreements concerning marine territory, as well as the sovereignty of Novaja Zemlja, Svalbard and later Franz Josef Land. Under the Soviet power, Polar politics changed character, partly influenced by the Soviet concept of mastering nature and a planned economic approach to the use of resources in the North. Soviet activity and interest in the Arctic reached its culmination during the 1930s, something that is partly due to the introduction of social realism as an orienteering framework for Stalinist mass culture. The Soviet discovery of the Arctic, perhaps better than any other project, fitted the thematic and technological progress of social realism, as well as its relentless optimism, patriotism and hero worship.
| Form of teaching
Lectures. | Exam and assessment
One assignment (10 pages) during the course of the semester will be evaluated together with a concluding oral examination.
Evaluated on a scale of A-E=pass and F=fail.
The course is open for re-sit examination early in the following semester.
| Contact person/lecturer
Steinar Aas | Recommended reading/syllabus
See homepage. | Homepage
http://uit.no/historie/1982/25
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| Forelesning | Første oppmøte: Mandag 16.01.06 kl.1215 på M-025
Hovedlærer prof. Jens Petter Nielsen
Lærer Univ.stip. Kari Myklebost
| | Eksamen | Eksamen består av ei skriftleg oppgåve på ca 10 sider som utleveres 18. mai kl. 09.30 og skal vere innlevert den 2.juni kl 1400. Munnleg eksamen i veke 24-25.
Duration:1 semester |
Pensum
Titler merket med * fås kjøpt i kopisamling på Akademisk Kvarter.
Pensum er på ca. 700 sider.
John McCannon 1998, Red Arctic: Polar Exploration and the Myth of the North in the Soviet Union, 1932-1939. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. 1-234.
*Franklyn Griffiths 1991, “The Arctic in the Russian Identity”, i Lawson Brigham (ed.), The Soviet Maritime Arctic. London: 83-99.
*Anna Poznanskaja 2004, “Russiske kunstneres reiser til Norge og Nord-Russland på slutten av 1800-tallet”, Norge og Russland 2004-2005. Naboer gjennom tusen år. Oslo - in press).
*Einar Niemi 1992, “Pomorhandelen sett med norske øyne”, Ottar 4: 15-23.
*Sæther, Ola, 1992. 'Nordmenn på Murmankysten', in Einar Niemi, ed., Pomor. Nord-Norge og Nord-Russland gjennom 1.000 år. Oslo:69-84.
*Morten Jentoft 1992, “Drømmen om Blåmyra”, Einar Niemi, ed., Pomor. Nord-Norge og Nord-Russland gjennom 1.000 år. Oslo: 85-98.
*Natalya Gutsol & Jørgen Bjørklund 1997, “Colonisation and Industrialisation of the Kola Peninsula around 1900", i Dellenbrant, J.Å. & Wiberg, U. (red.), Euro-Arctic Curtains. Umeå: 7-33.
Jens Petter Nielsen 2001, “Tsar-Russland: Potensiell trussel eller god nabo? Et gjensyn med “den russiske fare”, i F. Fagertun et al. (red.), Det farefulle nord. Trusler og trusseloppfatninger knyttet til Nord-Norge gjennom tusen år. Tromsø: 67-90.
*Jens Petter Nielsen 2004, “Norske forestillinger om Russland 1814-1905", Norge og Russland 2004-2005. Naboer gjennom tusen år. Oslo - in press.
*Svetlana Khorkina 2000, “Who were these brave men? Personnel of the Russian and Norwegian polar expeditions in 1890-1917", Acta Borealia 2: 83-101.
*William Barr 1974, “Severnaya Zemlya: The last major Discovery”, The Geographical journal. Cambridge:59-71.
*Vladislav I. Goldin 2000, “The Civil War in Northern Russia, 1918-1920, Acta Borealia 2: 65-82.
*Jens Petter Nielsen 2004, The History of the Northern Sea Route: The period 1855-1917. In quest of a commercial waterway from Europe to Siberia: [INSROP, Fridtjof Nansens Institutt 1996. Revidert versjon IHI]: 1-121.
*Constantine Krypton 1956, The Northern Sea Route and the Economy of the Soviet North. London: 1-21.
*Terence Armstrong 1958, The Russians in the Arctic. Aspects of Soviet Exploration and Exploitation of the far North, 1937-57. London: 90-107.
Sven Holtsmark, “Nord-Norge, Sovjetunionen og norske trusseloppfatninger 1917-1945", i i F. Fagertun et al. (red.), Det farefulle nord. Trusler og trusseloppfatninger knyttet til Nord-Norge gjennom tusen år. Tromsø: 115-143.
*Pier Horensma 1991, The Soviet Arctic. London - New York: 21-57.
*Geir O. Lillebø 1994-95, “Norwegian seal hunting in the eastern part of the polar Sea, 1917-1936. Conflicts between Norway and the Soviet Union based on economic and territorial interests”, Acta Borealia: 45-62.
Sven G. Holtsmark 1993, A Soviet Grab for the high North. USSR, Svalbard, and Northern Norway 1920-1953. Forsvarsstudier 7: 1-49.
*James Forsyth 1989, “The Indigenous Peoples of Siberia in the Twenteeth Century”, i A. Wood & R.A.French (red.), The Development of Siberia . People and Resources. London 72-95.
Aleksej Kiseljov og Tatjana Kiseljova 1996, “De nasjonale mindretall på Kolahalvøya og russiske myndigheters politikk overfor dem” i V.I. Goldin & J.P.Nielsen (red.), Frykt og forventning. Arkhangelsk: 278-300.
Einar Niemi 1996, “I grenselandet mot Russland: Neidensamene”, i V.I. Goldin & J.P.Nielsen (red.), Frykt og forventning. Arkhangelsk: 250-277.
ANBEFALT TILLEGGSLITTERATUR/KILDER:
Engelhardt, A.P. 1899, A Russian Province of the North. London
Emeljanov, N. 1915, Rysslands framträngande till Atlanten och de Rysk-Svenska relationernas framtid. Petrograd.
Bolander, G. 1918, Murmanbanan och dess betydelse för Norra Rysslands utveckling. Stockholm.
Gustaf Hallström, “Kolalapparnas hotade existens”, i Ymer 1911: 239-316.
Eriksen, K.E. & Niemi, E. 1982, Den finske fare. Sikkerhetsproblemer og minoritetspolitikk i nord 1860-1940. Oslo-Bergen-Tromsø.
Lied, J. 1958, En sjøvei blir til. Det sibirske kompanis historie. Oslo
Starokadomskij, L.M. 1976, Charting the Russian Northern Sea Route. The Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition 1910-1915. Montreal & London
Ravna, Ø. 2002, Kampen om tundraen. Nenetsene og deres historie. Guovdageaidnu: 86-127.
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